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Machines That Make Up Facts? Stopping AI Hallucinations with Reliable Systems

There was a time when people truly believed that humans only used 10% of their brains, so much so that it fueled Hollywood Movies and self-help personas promising untapped genius. The truth? Neuroscientists have long debunked this myth, proving that nearly all parts of our brain are active, even when we’re at rest. Now, imagine AI doing the same, providing information that is untrue, except unlike us, it doesn’t have a moment of self-doubt. That’s the bizarre and sometimes dangerous world of AI hallucinations.

AI hallucinations aren’t just funny errors; they’re a real and growing issue in AI-generated misinformation. So why do they happen, and how do we build reliable AI systems that don’t confidently mislead us? Let’s dive in.

Why Do AI Hallucinations Happen?

AI hallucinations happen when models generate errors due to incomplete, biased, or conflicting data. Other reasons include:

  • Human oversight: AI mirrors human biases and errors in training data, leading to AI’s false information
  • Lack of reasoning: Unlike humans, AI doesn’t “think” critically—it generates predictions based on patterns.

But beyond these, what if AI is too creative for its own good?

‘Creativity Gone Rogue’: When AI’s Imagination Runs Wild

AI doesn’t dream, but sometimes it gets ‘too creative’—spinning plausible-sounding stories that are basically AI-generated fake data with zero factual basis. Take the case of Meta’s Galactica, an AI model designed to generate scientific papers. It confidently fabricated entire studies with fake references, leading Meta to shut it down in three days.

This raises the question: Should AI be designed to be ‘less creative’ when AI trustworthiness matters?

The Overconfidence Problem

Ever heard the phrase, “Be confident, but not overconfident”? AI definitely hasn’t.

AI hallucinations happen because AI lacks self-doubt. When it doesn’t know something, it doesn’t hesitate—it just generates the most statistically probable answer. In one bizarre case, ChatGPT falsely accused a law professor of sexual harassment and even cited fake legal documents as proof.

Take the now-infamous case of Google’s Bard, which confidently claimed that the James Webb Space Telescope took the first-ever image of an exoplanet, a factually incorrect statement that went viral before Google had to step in and correct it.

There are more such multiple instances where AI hallucinations have led to Human hallucinations. Here are a few instances we faced.

When we tried the prompt of “Padmavaat according to the description of Malik Muhammad Jayasi-the writer ”

When we tried the prompt of “monkey to man evolution”

Now, if this is making you question your AI’s ability to get things right, then you should probably start looking have a checklist to check if your AI is reliable.

Before diving into solutions. Question your AI. If it can do these, maybe these will solve a bit of issues:

  • Can AI recognize its own mistakes?
  • What would “self-awareness” look like in AI without consciousness?
  • Are there techniques to make AI second-guess itself?
  • Can AI “consult an expert” before answering?

That might be just a checklist, but here are the strategies that make AI more reliable:

Strategies for Building Reliable AI Systems

1. Neurosymbolic AI

It is a hybrid approach combining symbolic reasoning (logical rules) with deep learning to improve factual accuracy. IBM is pioneering this approach to build trustworthy AI systems that reason more like humans. For example, RAAPID’s solutions utilize this approach to transform clinical data into compliant, profitable risk adjustment, improving contextual understanding and reducing misdiagnoses.

2. Human-in-the-Loop Verification

Instead of random checks, AI can be trained to request human validation in critical areas. Companies like OpenAI and Google DeepMind are implementing real-time feedback loops where AI flags uncertain responses for review. A notable AI hallucination prevention use case is in medical AI, where human radiologists verify AI-detected anomalies in scans, improving diagnostic accuracy.

3. Truth Scoring Mechanism

IBM’s FactSheets AI assigns credibility scores to AI-generated content, ensuring more fact-based responses. This approach is already being used in financial risk assessment models, where AI outputs are ranked by reliability before human analysts review them.

4. AI ‘Memory’ for Context Awareness

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) allows AI to access verified sources before responding. This method is already being used by platforms like Bing AI, which cites sources instead of generating standalone answers. In legal tech, RAG-based models ensure AI-generated contracts reference actual legal precedents, reducing AI accuracy problems.

5. Red Teaming & Adversarial Testing

Companies like OpenAI and Google regularly use “red teaming”—pitting AI against expert testers who try to break its logic and expose weaknesses. This helps fine-tune AI models before public release. A practical AI reliability example is cybersecurity AI, where red teams simulate hacking attempts to uncover vulnerabilities before systems go live 

The Future: AI That Knows When to Say, “I Don’t Know”

One of the most important steps toward reliable AI is training models to recognize uncertainty. Instead of making up answers, AI should be able to respond with “I’m unsure” or direct users to validated sources. Google DeepMind’s Socratic AI model is experimenting with ways to embed self-doubt into AI.

Conclusion:

AI hallucinations aren’t just quirky mistakes—they’re a major roadblock in creating trustworthy AI systems. By blending techniques like neurosymbolic AI, human-in-the-loop verification, and retrieval-augmented generation, we can push AI toward greater accuracy and reliability.

But here’s the big question: Should AI always strive to be 100% factual, or does some level of ‘creative hallucination’ have its place? After all, some of the best innovations come from thinking outside the box—even if that box is built from AI-generated data and machine learning algorithms.

At Mantra Labs, we specialize in data-driven AI solutions designed to minimize hallucinations and maximize trust. Whether you’re developing AI-powered products or enhancing decision-making with machine learning, our expertise ensures your models provide accurate information, making life easier for humans.

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Smart Manufacturing Dashboards: A Real-Time Guide for Data-Driven Ops

Smart Manufacturing starts with real-time visibility.

Manufacturing companies today generate data by the second through sensors, machines, ERP systems, and MES platforms. But without real-time insights, even the most advanced production lines are essentially flying blind.

Manufacturers are implementing real-time dashboards that serve as control towers for their daily operations, enabling them to shift from reactive to proactive decision-making. These tools are essential to the evolution of Smart Manufacturing, where connected systems, automation, and intelligent analytics come together to drive measurable impact.

Data is available, but what’s missing is timely action.

For many plant leaders and COOs, one challenge persists: operational data is dispersed throughout systems, delayed, or hidden in spreadsheets. And this delay turns into a liability.

Real-time dashboards help uncover critical answers:

  • What caused downtime during last night’s shift?
  • Was there a delay in maintenance response?
  • Did a specific inventory threshold trigger a quality issue?

By converting raw inputs into real-time manufacturing analytics, dashboards make operational intelligence accessible to operators, supervisors, and leadership alike, enabling teams to anticipate problems rather than react to them.

1. Why Static Reports Fall Short

  • Reports often arrive late—after downtime, delays, or defects have occurred.
  • Disconnected data across ERP, MES, and sensors limits cross-functional insights.
  • Static formats lack embedded logic for proactive decision support.

2. What Real-Time Dashboards Enable

Line performance and downtime trends
Track OEE in real time and identify underperforming lines.

Predictive maintenance alerts
Utilize historical and sensor data to identify potential part failures in advance.

Inventory heat maps & reorder thresholds
Anticipate stockouts or overstocks based on dynamic reorder points.

Quality metrics linked to operator actions
Isolate shifts or procedures correlated with spikes in defects or rework.

These insights allow production teams to drive day-to-day operations in line with Smart Manufacturing principles.

3. Dashboards That Drive Action

Role-based dashboards
Dashboards can be configured for machine operators, shift supervisors, and plant managers, each with a tailored view of KPIs.

Embedded alerts and nudges
Real-time prompts, like “Line 4 below efficiency threshold for 15+ minutes,” reduce response times and minimize disruptions.

Cross-functional drill-downs
Teams can identify root causes more quickly because users can move from plant-wide overviews to detailed machine-level data in seconds.

4. What Powers These Dashboards

Data lakehouse integration
Unified access to ERP, MES, IoT sensor, and QA systems—ensuring reliable and timely manufacturing analytics.

ETL pipelines
Real-time data ingestion from high-frequency sources with minimal latency.

Visualization tools
Custom builds using Power BI, or customized solutions designed for frontline usability and operational impact.

Smart Manufacturing in Action: Reducing Market Response Time from 48 Hours to 30 Minutes

Mantra Labs partnered with a North American die-casting manufacturer to unify its operational data into a real-time dashboard. Fragmented data, manual reporting, delayed pricing decisions, and inconsistent data quality hindered operational efficiency and strategic decision-making.

Tech Enablement:

  • Centralized Data Hub with real-time access to critical business insights.
  • Automated report generation with data ingestion and processing.
  • Accurate price modeling with real-time visibility into metal price trends, cost impacts, and customer-specific pricing scenarios. 
  • Proactive market analysis with intuitive Power BI dashboards and reports.

Business Outcomes:

  • Faster response to machine alerts
  • Quality incidents traced to specific operator workflows
  • 4X faster access to insights led to improved inventory optimization.

As this case shows, real-time dashboards are not just operational tools—they’re strategic enablers. 

(Learn More: Powering the Future of Metal Manufacturing with Data Engineering)

Key Takeaways: Smart Manufacturing Dashboards at a Glance

AspectWhat You Should Know
1. Why Static Reports Fall ShortDelayed insights after issues occur
Disconnected systems (ERP, MES, sensors)
No real-time alerts or embedded decision logic
2. What Real-Time Dashboards EnableTrack OEE and downtime in real-time
Predictive maintenance using sensor data
Dynamic inventory heat maps
Quality linked to operators
3. Dashboards That Drive ActionRole-based views (operator to CEO)
Embedded alerts like “Line 4 down for 15+ mins”
Drilldowns from plant-level to machine-level
4. What Powers These DashboardsUnified Data Lakehouse (ERP + IoT + MES)
Real-time ETL pipelines
Power BI or custom dashboards built for frontline usability

Conclusion

Smart Manufacturing dashboards aren’t just analytics tools—they’re productivity engines. Dashboards that deliver real-time insight empower frontline teams to make faster, better decisions—whether it’s adjusting production schedules, triggering preventive maintenance, or responding to inventory fluctuations.

Explore how Mantra Labs can help you unlock operations intelligence that’s actually usable.

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